Orthodontics

Orthodontics is a specialty of Dental Medicine responsible for the diagnosis, prevention, interception, and correction of abnormalities in the positioning of teeth, both in relation to one another and to the jaws.

Malocclusion or poor dental positioning can result from hereditary factors, environmental factors, or a combination of both. In general, malocclusion is considered the outcome of an interaction between several general and local factors that influence individual facial growth and development.

The first orthodontic consultation should take place around 12 months of age to assess and monitor the development of the dento-facial structures and to intervene early in case of any anomalies.

Orthodontic treatment is essential to improve chewing function, oral health, and individual aesthetics. In addition to boosting self-esteem, it can be crucial for social integration, especially during adolescence.

Properly aligned dental arches contribute to more efficient chewing. Likewise, oral hygiene—which is often more difficult with crooked or crowded teeth—becomes easier when the teeth are properly aligned, reducing the incidence of cavities and periodontal disease.

Orthodontic treatments involve the use of fixed or removable appliances, either intraoral or extraoral, specifically tailored to each case. Through orthodontic forces (on teeth) and/or orthopaedic forces (on bones), these appliances correct dento-facial deformities, providing the desired function and aesthetics. However, in more severe cases, a combined orthodontic-surgical approach (known as TOCO) is required to achieve satisfactory results.

Patient cooperation is essential both during the course of treatment and for its long-term stability. Adhering to the orthodontist's instructions, maintaining good oral hygiene, and attending all scheduled appointments are key to ensuring successful treatment outcomes.